Method and means of utilizing expanding air



y J. w. DOYLE METHOD AND MEANS OI" UTILIZING EXPANDING AIR Filed lay 3, 1926 m a l\ INVENTOR John W. Doyle.

BY 6 (-J6I0Io( ATTORNEY Patented May 31, 1927.

JOHN W. DOYLE, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

METHOD AND MEANS OF UTILIZING ETIFANDING AIR.

Application filed May 3,

My invention relates to improvements in the method and means of utilizing expanding air and water for the purpose of cool-- ing and lubricating a tool and the n'iaterial upon which the tool is working. and the object of my invention is to provite a method and means for conveying and ex panding air and directing the same upon a tool and the material upon which the tool working.

Compressed air is usually allowed to cool to the tem iaerature of the surrounding atmosphere before being used. The heat generated during the process o f compression is thereby dissipated and its mechanical equivalent is lost. lVhen such compressed air released it expands and its temperature drops below the temperature of the surrounding atmospheric temperature in proportion to it; previous degree of compression and in accordance with well known physical laws.

My invention consists in directing such cold expanding air upon a tool and the material upon which the tool is working in such a. manner that the material and the tool will at all times be cooled to such an extent that it is not necessary to use any lubricants for the drilling operation, and in instances where the material to be drilled is of considerable thickness then I intermingle just sutiicient water with the expanding air so that said water will be cooled below the atmospheric temperature and be conveyed to the tool and material thereby cooling and lubricating the same.

I accomplish these objects by devices illustratcd in the accompanying drawing wherein the figure is a view in side elevation of a device embodying the means by which my method may be practiced.

Referring to the drawing throughout which like reference numerals indicate like parts, the numeral 3 indicated a metal plate. 4 indicates a drill disposed on a spindle that is supported by a tubular member 6 and a frame 7. The drill at is adapted to be rotated by a pneumatic driving mechanism 8 and is arranged to be forced into the metal plate 4i by means of a pressure operated feeding mechanism 9.

The frame structure 7 supports the tubular member 6, the pneumatic driving mech anism 8 and the feeding mechanism 9 so as to form a complete drilling unit.

A tube 10 having one end secured to the 1926. Serial No. 106,429.

the other end clamped to the lUll relative to the drill 4-. and plate 3. lhe nnn'eral 12 indicates an inlet conduit comprwsed air from a source {1 of supply. not shown. to the pneumatic drivmg ill :hanism iv. A flexible conduit 13 conveys the exhausting air from said driv in; Hill to the conduit 11.

ft valve l6 for controlling the is (id. )OSGLl between the cone iminates any back pressure would stop the How of water h the it if the water was alto drop directly into the conduit 11.

-.cd draw-v. '1. 1 1 1 i o uauon or tic tisc osuie ieiein is iollows: The drill is rotated by means the driving means 8 and the drill is hen fed into the metal plate 3 by means of the lingmerhaaism 9. The exhausting air from the driving mechanism passes through the flexible hose l3 and thence into the con duit 1.1 and is directed upon the tool i and plate 3 shown. The angular position of the conduit 11 may be adjusted by the clamping means shown. In instances where the plate 3 is of considerable thicknes sutiicient water is allowed to flow from the reservoir 14: into the conduit 11. in the nrnner shown, which water intermingles with said expanding air and is thereby cooled below the atmospheric temperature and said water and air is conveyed to and directed upon the tool -il and plate 3 thereby cooling and lubricating the same.

The cold expanding air coming into contact 'ith the water lowers the temperature of the water and raises the temperature of the air by reason of an exchange of heat units. 7

By combining the water and exhausting air I provide an inexpensive and etiicient cooling and lubricating medium. The cold air acting to keep the tool and material cool so that the tool can do its cutting without becoming hot and the water removing all the particles that would otherwise stick to the tool. If too much water is added to the expanding air the temperature of the exbe caused by the exhausting Bil panding air would be raised to almost the temperature of the atmosphere and the purpose would be entirely defeated.

The factor that lin'iits the speed with which a drill can be forced through metal is heat. Heat is always generated as a result of the ,t'rictioned resistance being overcome by a drill as it removes material while passing through metal. This heat causes small partlcles oi metal to adhere to the cutting edges of the drill and thereby seriously impairs its cutting ability. It is necessary therefore to either apply a substance of some kind to the drill or to keep the drill and material at a low temperature in order to prevent the adherence of these particles to said drill.

The substance applied is generally in the form of an oil or oils compounded and sold on the marketunder various trade names by reliable manufacturers. These oils or com pounds do not always carry away the heat generated by the drill but simply aid in preventing the adherence of metal to the cutting edge. The heat as generated softens the material of which the drill is made and seri ous damage results.

For the purpose of illustration 1 have shown the expanding air taken and conveyed from a pneumatic driving mechanism but it will be understood that any expanding air from any source may be used to aid in ac complishing the results mentioned.

\ What I claim is l. The method of cooling and lubricating a driven tool which consists in conveying an expanding air in a suitable conduit, causin a flow of water to flow in said conduit, ant directing said expanding air and said Water upon said tool to cool and lubricate the same.

2. The method of cooling and lubricatm a driven tool and the material being operate upon by said tool which consists in conveying an expanding air in a suitable conduit from a pneumatic driving mechanism and causing a flow of water to flow in said conduit and directing said expanding air and said water upon said tool and said material.

3. The method of cooling and lubricating a driven tool and the material being operated upon by said tool which consists in intermingling just sutlicient water with expanding air so that the resultant temperature of the combined air and water will be below the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere and provide enough water to lubricate the tool, and directing said expanding air and water upon said tool and said. Inaterial.

a. The method of cooling a driven tool and the material being operated upon by said tool which consists in'conveying an expanding air in a suitable conduit and directing said expanding air upon said tool and said material to cool the same.

lln witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 1113' name this 28th day of April, A. I). 1926.

JOHN W. DOYLE. 

